ГОСТ 30372-95
ГОСТ Р 50397-92

СОВМЕСТИМОСТЬ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ
СРЕДСТВ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНАЯ

Термины и определения

МЕЖГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ СОВЕТ
ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ, МЕТРОЛОГИИ И СЕРТИФИКАЦИИ

Минск

Предисловие

1 РАЗРАБОТАН И ВНЕСЕН Техническим комитетом по стандартизации в области электромагнитной совместимости технических средств (ТК-30)

2 ПРИНЯТ Межгосударственным Советом по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации 12 октября 1995 г. в качестве межгосударственного стандарта ГОСТ 30372-95.

Постановлением Госстандарта России от 15 мая 1996 г. № 308 ГОСТ 30372-95 введен в действие в качестве государственного стандарта Российской Федерации с момента принятия указанного постановления и признан имеющим одинаковую силу с ГОСТ Р 50397-92 на территории Российской Федерации в связи с полной аутентичностью их содержания

За принятие проголосовали:

3 ВВЕДЕН ВПЕРВЫЕ

ГОСТ 30372-95
ГОСТ Р 50397-92

СОВМЕСТИМОСТЬ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ
ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНАЯ

Термины и определения

Дата введения 1997-01-01

Настоящий стандарт устанавливает термины и определения понятий в области электромагнитной совместимости технических средств.

Термины, установленные настоящим стандартом, обязательны для применения во всех видах документации и литературы по электромагнитной совместимости, входящих в сферу работ по стандартизации и использующих результаты этой работы.

Настоящий стандарт должен применяться совместно со стандартами в области электромагнитной совместимости классов технических средств.

1. Для каждого понятия установлен один стандартизованный термин. Недопустимые к применению термины-синонимы приведены в круглых скобках после стандартизованного термина и обозначены пометой «Ндп».

2. Заключенная в круглых скобках часть термина может быть опущена при использовании термина в документах по стандартизации.

В алфавитном указателе данные термины приведены обязательно с указанием номера одной статьи.

3. Приведенные определения можно при необходимости изменять, вводя в них производные признаки, раскрывая значения используемых в них терминов, указывая объекты определяемого понятия. Изменения не должны нарушать объем и содержание понятий, определенных в данном стандарте.

4. В стандарте приведены иноязычные эквиваленты стандартизованных терминов на немецком (de), английском (en) и французском (fr) языках.

5. В стандарте приведены алфавитные указатели терминов на русском языке и их иноязычных эквивалентах.

6. Термины и определения общетехнических понятий, необходимые для понимания текста стандарта, приведены в приложении.

7. Стандартизованные термины набраны полужирным шрифтом, их краткие формы, представленные аббревиатурой, - светлым, а синонимы - курсивом.

Алфавитный указатель терминов на русском языке

Анализатор помех                                                                                                        5.6

Восприимчивость                                                                                                        3.3

Влияние помехи                                                                                                          1.4

Защита биологическая (от электромагнитного излучения)                                2.11

Зона влияния                                                                                                                2.3

Излучение                                                                                                                     1.16

Излучение электромагнитное (от источника помехи)                                         1.15

Измеритель помех                                                                                                       5.5

Имитатор помех                                                                                                           5.8

Импульс электромагнитный                                                                                     4.12

Источник помехи                                                                                                         1.10

Камера безэховая                                                                                                        5.2

Камера-Т                                                                                                                       5.3

Камера экранированная                                                                                            5.1

Кондукция электромагнитная (от источника помехи)                                        1.18

Невосприимчивость                                                                                                    3.5

Норма на помеху                                                                                                          1.9

Норма на уровень излучения                                                                                    1.17

Норма на уровень кондукции                                                                                    1.20

Норма на эмиссию                                                                                                       1.14

Обеспечение ЭМС организационное                                                                       2.1

Обеспечение ЭМС техническое                                                                               2.2

Оборудование помехоподавляющее                                                                        2.7

Обстановка электромагнитная                                                                                1.2

Параметр ЭМС                                                                                                            3.2

Площадка измерительная                                                                                          5.4

Подавление помех                                                                                                       2.6

Поле помех                                                                                                                     1.2

Помеха                                                                                                                            1.3

Помеха атмосферная                                                                                                  4.3

Помеха внутрисистемная                                                                                          4.24

Помеха допустимая                                                                                                     1.5

Помеха естественная                                                                                                 4.1

Помеха излучаемая                                                                                                     4.7

Помеха имитируемая                                                                                                 5.7

Помеха импульсная                                                                                                    4.13

Помеха импульсно-шумовая                                                                                     4.15

Помеха индустриальная                                                                                             4.9

Помеха искусственная                                                                                               4.2

Помеха коммутационная                                                                                           4.10

Помеха кондуктивная                                                                                                4.8

Помеха контактная                                                                                                     4.11

Помеха космическая                                                                                                  4.4

Помеха кратковременная                                                                                          4.17

Помеха межсистемная                                                                                               4.23

Помеха недопустимая                                                                                                1.6

Помеха непрерывная                                                                                                 4.16

Помеха непродолжительная                                                                                     4.18

Помеха нерегулярная                                                                                                 4.20

Помеха приемлемая                                                                                                   1.7

Помеха регулярная                                                                                                     4.19

Помеха узкополосная                                                                                                 4.21

Помеха широкополосная                                                                                            4.22

Помеха шумовая                                                                                                          4.14

Помеха электромагнитная                                                                                        1.3

Помеха электростатическая                                                                                     4.6

Помехозащищенность                                                                                                 3.7

Помехоустойчивость                                                                                                  3.6

Порог восприимчивости                                                                                             3.4

Радиус влияния                                                                                                               2.3

Разряд электростатический                                                                                       4.5

Рецептор                                                                                                                        1.11

Сертификация ТС на соответствие требованиям ЭМС                                     2.4

Сигнал мешающий                                                                                                      4.25

Совместимость технических средств электромагнитная                                   1.1

Уровень излучения                                                                                                     1.16

Уровень кондукции                                                                                                     1.19

Уровень помехи                                                                                                           1.8

Уровень эмиссии                                                                                                         1.13

Устойчивость к электромагнитной помехе                                                           3.6

Характеристика ЭМС                                                                                                 3.1

Экран                                                                                                                             2.9

Экранирование                                                                                                            2.10

Экспертиза ЭМС                                                                                                         2.5

Элемент помехоподавляющий                                                                                 2.8

ЭМИ                                                                                                                                4.12

Эмиссия                                                                                                                          1.12

Эмиссия электромагнитная (от источника помехи)                                            1.12

ЭМО                                                                                                                               1.2

ЭМС технических средств                                                                                            1.1

Алфавитный указатель терминов на немецком языке

Annehmbarstörung                                                                                                            1.7

außere Storfestigkeit                                                                                                          3.7

atmospharische Störung                                                                                                     4.3

Beeinflussungs-Unterdruckung                                                                                           2.6

Breitbandstörung                                                                                                               4.22

Dauerstörung                                                                                                                    4.16

elektromagnetische Strahlung                                                                                             1.15

elektromagnetische Impuls                                                                                                 4.12

elektromagnetische Störguelle                                                                                            1.10

elektromagnetische Störung                                                                                               1.3

elektromagnetische Umgebung                                                                                           1.2

elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (EMV)                                                                         1.1

elektrostatische Entladung                                                                                                  4.5

elektrostatische Störung                                                                                                     4.6

Emissionsgrenze                                                                                                                1.14

Emissionspegel                                                                                                                  1.13

Entstörausrüstung                                                                                                              2.7

Entstörelement                                                                                                                  2.8

Feldstarke-Meßplatz                                                                                                         5.4

galaktische Störung                                                                                                           4.4

gestrählte Störung                                                                                                              4.7

Imitationstörung                                                                                                                 5.7

Impulsrauschstörung                                                                                                          4.15

Impulsstörung                                                                                                                    4.13

industrie Störung                                                                                                               4.9

innere System-Beeinflussung                                                                                              4.24

Kommutationstörung                                                                                                         4.10

Kontaktstörung                                                                                                                 4.11

Knackstörung                                                                                                                   4.17

Krachstörung                                                                                                                    4.18

leitungsgefuhrte Störung                                                                                                     4.8

Naturstörung                                                                                                                     4.1

Rauschstörung                                                                                                                   4.14

reflexionfreier Raum                                                                                                          5.2

Regularstörung                                                                                                                  4.19

Reseptor                                                                                                                           1.11

Schirm                                                                                                                              2.9

Schimung                                                                                                                          2.10

Schirmungsraum                                                                                                                5.1

Smallandstörung                                                                                                                4.21

Störanalisator                                                                                                                    5.6

Störeinwirkung                                                                                                                  1.4

Storfestigkeit                                                                                                                     3.5

Störfestigkeit gegenuber einer Storung                                                                               3.6

Störempfindlichkeit                                                                                                            3.3

Störempfindungsgrenze                                                                                                      3.4

Störimitator                                                                                                                       5.8

Stör-Meßgerät                                                                                                                  5.5

Störsignal                                                                                                                          4.25

Störungspegel                                                                                                                   1.8

Strähl-Grenzwert                                                                                                               1.17

Strählungspegel                                                                                                                 1.16

T-Raum                                                                                                                            5.3

Unregulärstorung                                                                                                               4.20

Unzulässigstörung                                                                                                              1.6

Zulässigstörung                                                                                                                  1.5

Zwischensistemstörung                                                                                                      4.23

Алфавитный указатель терминов на английском языке

Accepted disturbance                                                                                                        1.7

Anechoic chamber                                                                                                            5.2

Atmospheric disturbance                                                                                                   4.3

Broadband disturbance                                                                                                     4.22

Buzz                                                                                                                                 4.18

Click                                                                                                                                 4.17

Conducted disturbance                                                                                                      4.8

Contact disturbance                                                                                                          4.11

Continuous disturbance                                                                                                     4.16

Cosmic disturbance                                                                                                           4.4

Disturbance suppression equipment                                                                                   2.7

Electromagnetic compatibility; EMC                                                                                  1.1

Electromagnetic disturbance                                                                                              1.3

Electromagnetic environment                                                                                             1.2

Electromagnetic interference; EMI                                                                                     1.4

Electromagnetic pulse                                                                                                        4.12

Electromagnetic radiation                                                                                                   1.15

Electrostatic discharge                                                                                                       4.5

Electrostatic disturbance                                                                                                    4.6

Emission level                                                                                                                    1.13

Emission limit                                                                                                                    1.14

Immunity                                                                                                                           3.5

Immunity to a disturbance                                                                                                  3.6

Impulsive disturbance                                                                                                        4.13

Interference analyzer                                                                                                         5.6

Interference suppression                                                                                                    2.6

Intra-system disturbance                                                                                                    4.23

Intra-system disturbance                                                                                                    4.24

Intolerable disturbance                                                                                                      1.6

Irregular disturbance                                                                                                          4.20

Level of disturbance                                                                                                          1.8

Limit of disturbance                                                                                                           1.9

Man-made noise                                                                                                               4.9

Narrowband disturbance                                                                                                   4.21

Natural noise                                                                                                                     4.1

Noise disturbance                                                                                                             4.14

Noise meter                                                                                                                      5.5

Permissible disturbance                                                                                                     1.5

Perturbation continue                                                                                                         4.16

Pulse-noise disturbance                                                                                                     4.15

Radiated disturbance                                                                                                         4.7

Radiation level                                                                                                                   1.16

Radiation level limit                                                                                                            1.17

Receptor                                                                                                                           1.11

Regular disturbance                                                                                                           4.19

Screen                                                                                                                              2.9

Screened chamber                                                                                                            5.1

Screening                                                                                                                          2.10

Sensibility threshold                                                                                                           3.4

Simulated disturbance                                                                                                        5.7

Simulator of disturbance                                                                                                    5.8

Source of disturbance                                                                                                        1.10

Suppression component                                                                                                    2.8

Susceptibility                                                                                                                     3.3

Switching disturbance                                                                                                        4.10

Test site                                                                                                                            5.4

TEM-cell                                                                                                                          5.3

Unwanted signal                                                                                                                4.25

Алфавитный указатель терминов на французском языке

Analyzeur des paraites                                                                                                       5.6

Antiparasitage                                                                                                                   2.6

Appareit de mesure de brouillage                                                                                       5.5

Blindage                                                                                                                            2.10

Brouillage à barde etraite                                                                                                   4.21

Brouillage à large bande                                                                                                    4.22

Brouillage accepté                                                                                                             1.7

Brouillage conduitic                                                                                                           4.8

Brouillage de bruit                                                                                                             4.14

Brouillage de bruit et impuls                                                                                               4.15

Brouillage de commutation                                                                                                 4.10

Brouillage de contact                                                                                                         4.11

Brouillage électromagnétique                                                                                             1.3

Brouillage électrostatique                                                                                                   4.6

Brouillage imiter                                                                                                                5.7

Brouillage industrielle                                                                                                         4.9

Brouillage inter-systèmes                                                                                                   4.23

Brouillage intolerables                                                                                                        1.6

Brouillage intra-systèmes                                                                                                   4.24

Brouillage non regulier                                                                                                       4.20

Brouillage permissible                                                                                                        1.5

Brouillage rayonnements                                                                                                    4.7

Brouillage regulier                                                                                                              4.19

Bruit atmosphèrique                                                                                                          4.3

Bruit cosmique                                                                                                                  4.4

Bruit éiectromagnétique                                                                                                     1.2

Bruit naturel                                                                                                                      4.1

Chambre de écran                                                                                                             5.1

Chambrs non écho                                                                                                            5.2

Chambre T-genre                                                                                                              5.3

Claquement                                                                                                                       4.17

Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM)                                                                            1.1

Continuous disturbance                                                                                                     4.16

Crachement                                                                                                                      4.18

Decharge électrostatique                                                                                                   4.5

Dispositif d’antiparasitage                                                                                                  2.8

Ecran                                                                                                                                2.9

Emplasement d’essai                                                                                                         5.4

Environnement électromagnétique                                                                                      1.2

Equipement d’antiparazitage                                                                                              2.7

Imitateur de brouilage                                                                                                        5.8

Immunité                                                                                                                           3.5

Immunité à une perturbance                                                                                               3.6

Immunité externe (protection)                                                                                            3.7

Impulsion électromagnétic                                                                                                  4.12

Influence de brouillage                                                                                                       1.4

Limite de brouillage                                                                                                           1.9

Limite d’émission                                                                                                              1.14

Niveau admissible                                                                                                             1.16

Niveau d’émission                                                                                                             1.13

Niveau de brouillage                                                                                                          1.8

Perturbation impulsive                                                                                                       4.13

Rayonnements électromagnétique                                                                                      1.15

Recepteur                                                                                                                         1.11

Seuil de sensibilité                                                                                                             3.4

Signal brouilleur                                                                                                                 4.25

Source de brouillage                                                                                                          1.10

Susceptibilité                                                                                                                     3.3

Valeur limite d’une niveau admissible                                                                                 1.17

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 1

Справочное

Термины и определения общетехнических понятий, использованные в стандарте

1. Техническое средство: изделие, оборудование, аппаратура или их составные части, функционирование которых основано на законах электротехники, радиотехники и (или) электроники, содержащие электронные компоненты и (или) схемы, которые выполняют одну или несколько следующих функций: усиление, генерирование, преобразование, переключение и запоминание.

Примечание. Техническое средство может быть радиоэлектронным средством (РЭС), средством вычислительной техники (СВТ), средством электронной автоматики (СЭА), электротехническим средством, а также изделием промышленного, научного и медицинского назначения (ПНМ-установки)

2. Уровень (величины): среднее или иначе взвешенное значение изменяющейся во времени величины, оцененное определенным способом за определенный интервал времени

3. Норма на уровень: регламентированный уровень

4. Сигнал: изменяющаяся физическая величина, отображающая сообщение или иным образом предназначенная для функционирования технического средства

5. Полезный сигнал: электромагнитный сигнал, предназначенный для функционирования технического средства

6. Качество функционирования (технического средства): совокупность показателей технического средства, характеризующих его способность удовлетворять требованиям эксплуатации

7. Переходный процесс: процесс изменения величины между двумя стационарными состояниями

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ